Camel

 Camel 

Camel is a hoofed organism belonging to the genus Camulus.  There are one hump of Arabic camel while two humps of Bachatrian camel.  Arabian camels are native to the dry desert regions of Western Asia, while Bacatrion camels are native to Central and East Asia.  It is also called desert ship.  It can walk for twenty-one days without drinking water in sandy hot plains.  It is used for riding and carrying luggage.  It can last 7 days without drinking water The term camel is broadly used to describe six camel-like creatures in the camel family, these include two real camels and four South American camel-like creatures such as lama, alpaca, guanaco and vicuna.

The average life expectancy of a camel is forty to fifty years rajsthan.  The height of a fully grown standing adult camel is 1.85 m to the shoulder and 2.15 m to the hump in rajsthan.  The hump grows to about thirty inches above the body.  The maximum escape speed of the camel is around 65 km / h and it can maintain its speed up to 40 km / h during long distance journey. fossil evidence suggests that the ancestors of modern camels were developed in North America, which later spread to Asia.  Around 2000 BC  In the beginning, humans domesticated camels.  Both the Arabic camel and the Bactrian camel are still used for carrying milk, meat and burdens.

Camel desert is an important component of ecological system.  Due to its unique biophysical characteristics, it has become a symbol of adaptability to live in the inequalities of dry and semi-arid regions.  Known as the 'ship of desert', this animal has made its mark in the field of transport and transportation by showing indispensability but in addition there are many camel utilities which are constantly affected by social and economic changes.  Camels have played an important role in the field of civil law and order, defense and war from ancient times till the present time.  The world famous Ganga Risale of the then Bikaner was not found in the imperial army and these camels also participated in the First and Second World Wars.  The camels had greatly assisted the engineers at the time of construction of Indira Gandhi Canal in the western part of Rajasthan.  Nowadays, the Camel Corps is an important part of the Border Security Force under the Indian Armed Forces.

 Realizing the importance of camels in the socio-economic development of dry and semi-arid regions, the Government of India established the Camel Project Directorate in Bikaner on 5 July 1984 under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).  This center is located in the jointed area about 10 kilometers from Bikaner, which was renamed as the National Camel Research Center on 20 September 1995.The number of a humpback camel in India is about 5 lakhs, which are found mainly in the north-western arid and semi-arid part of India in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Haryana.  The National Camel Research Center is focusing on basic and practical research on a hump camel as well as research on two humpid camels found in the cold desert of Ladakh's Nubra Valley.

Initially this center was engaged in the development of basic facilities and camel-protection and preservation of their existing species and gathering scientific and technical information.  With the development of state-of-the-art laboratories and basic facilities in the last 24 years, it has become the world's leading research institute for camel research.  Bikaneri, Jaisalmeri, Kachchhi and Mewari breed by selected breeding system.  A cluster of 350 excellent camels has been developed.  Genetic differences have been detected in the same species and between different breeds by the Centre's scientists using the molecular marking method.  The properties of the major native camel breeds have been determined.  Freezing of semen has been done successfully and artificial insemination technology is being standardized.  The amount of reproductive hormones has been detected in various physical conditions.  The embryo transplantation technique has been successfully used at the center.  The center has prepared an annual calendar related to the month-wise program in which information about management of camels and prevention of diseases is given by proper maintenance.  The PCR technique has been standardized to confirm the diagnosis of Sarra disease.A detailed study is being done to evaluate the functionality of various camel breeds.  The camel's dietary needs have been assessed at various stages of lactation, pregnancy, and manual labor.  Fodder and food available from local sources have also been evaluated.The center is trying to establish the camel as a milch animal.  In view of the increasing demand for camel milk and its products, a state-of-the-art camel dairy has been set up in the center premises.  This step of the Center will not only motivate the usher farmers towards milk business but it will also prove to have far-reaching consequences in raising the social level of the rural people.  Systematic research is being done on camel milk and milk production from its different breeds.

Extensive research work is being done on life of normal milk and its medicinal utility.  Value added camel milk products such as ice cream, fragrant milk and yogurt have been developed by the center.  The center sells these products through a milk parlor in its premises.  A camel milk-made beauty cream has been manufactured by the Center.  New products are being developed by mixing camel bones with elephant teeth and hair in wool.  The conventional two-wheeled camel cart has been electrified by the center, which reduces the chances of road accidents occurring at night.